Antibody-dependent enhancement, what is it?

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With the implementation of national COVID-19 vaccination, the ADE effect of vaccination has also attracted people's attention. In fact, the AED effect has always been a very important concept although not known to the public. So, what is the antibody-dependent enhancement effect?

First of all, before talking about the ADE effect, people also need to understand what an antibody is. After all, in essence, vaccination is about producing antibodies.

As for what is an antibody, specifically, the shape of this antibody is a Y-shape, with two arms on it, just like a person sticking out two arms above it, and its legs at the bottom, these two Y-shaped areas are this Place is important, especially the tentacle-like place at the front.

This place mainly binds antigens, that is, the protrusions on the various surfaces of viruses and bacteria are very characteristic. This place on the front tentacles is the variable region of the antibody. It is like a transformer. It can bind to various A variety of different types of antigens.

For example, suppose that the yellow part is an antigen of a virus, and the arm of the antibody, the multifunctional arm that stretches out, can firmly grasp the antigen, and after grasping, the antibody can grasp the antigen. The elimination of the virus that should be eliminated, the elimination of the elimination, this is the role of good antibodies.

This is also the reason why vaccines are designed, that is, everyone expects that through vaccination, a lot of good antibodies can be produced, and the virus can be enveloped in clusters, and then the virus can be eliminated in this way .

Of course, this is an ideal situation, that is, the antibody must be able to effectively identify the virus, but there are many bumps on the surface of the virus, and these bumps will find changes. And the antibodies produced after this vaccination are not necessarily good antibodies, but may also be bad antibodies.

And these bad antibodies not only cannot help the antibody to eliminate the virus, but it may also allow the antibody to catch the virus and bring it into the cell, making it easier to reproduce in the cell. . These are the two types of antibodies and the good and bad antibodies it binds to clear the virus.

This is why it took 10-30 years to develop a vaccine internationally in the past. The core is here, that is, it is necessary to ensure that the antibodies produced after vaccination will not be bad antibodies, and will not become spy antibodies.